{"id":104,"date":"2018-04-22T11:25:37","date_gmt":"2018-04-22T09:25:37","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2018-11-05T19:15:21","modified_gmt":"2018-11-05T18:15:21","slug":"ako-byt-dobry-v-tom-co-robite-napriklad-v-it-dodatok","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/ako-byt-dobry-v-tom-co-robite-napriklad-v-it-dodatok\/","title":{"rendered":"Ako by\u0165 dobr\u00fd v tom, \u010do rob\u00edte (napr\u00edklad v IT) \u2013 dodatok"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Never\u00edm v\u00a0talent. Naozaj. Mysl\u00edm si, \u017ee ni\u010d tak\u00e9 neexistuje. Never\u00edm, \u017ee existuje nie\u010do ako \u201ebunky\u201c na matematiku alebo cudzie jazyky. Ja som napr\u00edklad na z\u00e1kladnej a\u00a0strednej \u0161kole v\u00a0matematike nijako nevynikal a\u00a0a\u017e na vysokej \u0161kole som pochopil jej podstatu a\u00a0za\u010dalo ma to neskuto\u010dne bavi\u0165 (nepri\u0161lo to len tak, ale sk\u00f4r ako z\u00e1sluha u\u010dite\u013ea, ale to u\u017e je in\u00e1 t\u00e9ma). Never\u00edm vo\u00a0vroden\u00e9 nadanie. Ver\u00edm v\u00a0drinu, u\u010denie a\u00a0praktikovanie. Ver\u00edm vo vy\u0161\u0161iu spravodlivos\u0165, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd vie len to, \u010do sa nau\u010dil. A\u00a0raz za \u010das stretnem niekoho, kto uva\u017euje podobne. Napr\u00edklad Geoffa Colvina a jeho knihu <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bookdepository.com\/Talent-is-Overrated-Geoff-Colvin\/9781857886597\">Talent is Overrated<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><!--more--><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hne\u010f na za\u010diatku knihy autor zb\u00fara dva piliere, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou ch\u00e1pania sveta okolo n\u00e1s pre mnoh\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed. Tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee po prv\u00e9: talent ani in\u00e9 vroden\u00e9 nadanie neexistuje. Po druh\u00e9: t\u00fdm, \u017ee budete roky v\u00a0zamestnan\u00ed alebo kdeko\u013evek inde vykon\u00e1va\u0165 nejak\u00fa pr\u00e1cu e\u0161te neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee v\u00a0nej budete dobr\u00ed. Obe s\u00fa to pomerne kac\u00edrske my\u0161lienky, ale Geoff sa to sna\u017e\u00ed hne\u010f dok\u00e1za\u0165 pr\u00edkladmi. A\u00a0neberie si ni\u010d men\u0161ie ako uk\u00e1za\u0165 \u017ee Mozart alebo Tiger Woods nemali \u017eiaden talent. \u017de ich neuverite\u013en\u00e9 v\u00fdkony boli alebo s\u00fa v\u00fdsledkom tvrdej driny od \u00fatleho veku.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ale po\u010fme pekne po poriadku. Ako sa stane \u010dlovek naozaj dobr\u00fd v\u00a0tom, \u010do rob\u00ed, ak nie talentom alebo vykon\u00e1van\u00edm \u010dinnosti? No nie\u010d\u00edm, \u010do sa ozna\u010duje ako \u201edeliberate practise\u201c. Ak <a href=\"https:\/\/duckduckgo.com\/?q=deliberate+practice\">zalov\u00edte<\/a> trochu vo vyh\u013ead\u00e1va\u010di, tak zist\u00edte, \u017ee Geoff tento pojem nevymyslel (a on si jeho p\u00f4vod ani nen\u00e1rokuje,) ale \u017ee je to t\u00e9ma, ktor\u00e1 sa d\u00e1 n\u00e1js\u0165 kde-kade. A\u00a0\u010do to vlastne je?<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Povedzme, \u017ee z\u00a0poh\u013eadu toho, s\u00a0akou n\u00e1mahou zvl\u00e1date svoju robotu, sa m\u00f4\u017eete nach\u00e1dza\u0165 v\u00a0troch oblastiach.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>z\u00f3na komfortu \u2013 zadanie zvl\u00e1date jednou rukou, k\u00fdm druhou pop\u00edjate k\u00e1vu<\/li>\n<li>z\u00f3na diskomfortu \u2013 je to n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9, ale nakoniec to zvl\u00e1dnete<\/li>\n<li>z\u00f3na paniky \u2013 neviete, \u010do m\u00e1te robi\u0165 (napr. ak by som v\u00e1s teraz poslal operova\u0165 slep\u00e9 \u010drevo a\u00a0vy n\u00e1hodou nie ste lek\u00e1r)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Deliberate practise (DP) je pohyb pr\u00e1ve v\u00a0z\u00f3ne diskomfortu. Je to drina na hranici va\u0161ich mo\u017enost\u00ed, kde e\u0161te zadanie zvl\u00e1date, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 to nie je \u00faplne bez n\u00e1mahy. Je to v\u00a0podstate nie\u010do, \u010do by ste si mali sami naordinova\u0165, ak chcete by\u0165 dobr\u00fd. Autor rad\u00ed vybra\u0165 si nejak\u00fa t\u00e9mu vo va\u0161om obore, o\u00a0ktorej viete, \u017ee v\u00a0nej nie ste dobr\u00fd, z\u00e1rove\u0148 viete, \u017ee by bolo dobre sa ju nau\u010di\u0165 a\u00a0zacieli\u0165 sa na \u0148u. Napr\u00edklad ako program\u00e1tor si m\u00f4\u017eete vybra\u0165 NoSQL datab\u00e1zy, o\u00a0ktor\u00fdch ste ve\u013ea po\u010duli, ale so \u017eiadnou ste doteraz nerobili. Vyh\u013eada\u0165 si o\u00a0nich materi\u00e1ly, pripravi\u0165 si jednoduch\u00e9 zadanie a\u00a0pusti\u0165 sa do pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Okrem samotnej \u010dinnosti by ste sa mali zamera\u0165 na to, ako sa v\u00e1m ju dar\u00ed zvl\u00e1da\u0165. Napr. \u010di pri h\u013eadan\u00ed rie\u0161enia na nejak\u00fd probl\u00e9m ste naozaj postupovali najoptim\u00e1lnej\u0161iu cestou a\u00a0ak nie, tak ako by ste mali postupova\u0165 nabud\u00face. Ak by ste napr\u00edklad t\u00fdmto postupom tr\u00e9novali \u0161port, autor rad\u00ed nahra\u0165 sa na kameru a\u00a0potom si svoj tr\u00e9ning prehra\u0165. Aby ste to takto vedeli vyhodnocova\u0165, mus\u00ed by\u0165 DP \u010dinnos\u0165, ktor\u00e1 sa d\u00e1 \u010dasto opakova\u0165 vo vysok\u00fdch obr\u00e1tkach. Ak si zvol\u00edte nejak\u00fa t\u00e9mu, tak by ste sa jej mali venova\u0165 dovtedy, k\u00fdm nem\u00e1te pocit, \u017ee ste v\u00a0nej dobr\u00ed a\u00a0potom sa posun\u00fa\u0165 na \u010fal\u0161iu.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">DP nie je z\u00e1bava. Aj ke\u010f ob\u010das m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou je to drina. Ale pr\u00e1ve pod\u013ea toho pozn\u00e1te, \u017ee sa nie\u010do nov\u00e9 u\u010d\u00edte. \u017de je to \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9. \u017de ste v\u00a0z\u00f3ne diskomfortu. Aby ste to vydr\u017eali, potrebujete motiv\u00e1ciu. Aj tejto t\u00e9me venuje autor samostatn\u00fa kapitolu.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Jedna z\u00a0naozaj zauj\u00edmav\u00fdch vec\u00ed v\u00a0knihe je n\u00e1zor na to, ako sa vlastne buduje znalos\u0165 v\u00a0nejakej dom\u00e9ne. Ako pr\u00edklad autor uv\u00e1dza expertn\u00fdch \u0161achistov, ktor\u00ed s\u00fa schopn\u00ed hra\u0165 v\u00a0hlave nieko\u013eko paraleln\u00fdch parti\u00ed \u0161achu. Ako je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee si pam\u00e4taj\u00fa rozlo\u017eenie na \u0161achovnici. Pri jednom experimente uk\u00e1zali sadu rozohran\u00fdch \u0161achov\u00fdch parti\u00ed \u0161achov\u00fdm majstrom a\u00a0za\u010diato\u010dn\u00edkom a\u00a0potom od nich \u017eiadali, aby z\u00a0pam\u00e4te povedali, ako tie partie vyzerali. Viete si domyslie\u0165, \u017ee \u0161achov\u00ed majstri mali v\u00a0tomto ve\u013emi dobr\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky. A\u00a0potom ten experiment zopakovali, ale fig\u00farky na \u0161achovnici rozlo\u017eili tak, \u017ee nepredstavovali \u017eiaden re\u00e1lny stav, ktor\u00fd v\u00a0\u0161achu m\u00f4\u017ee nasta\u0165. Zrazu mali majstri aj za\u010diato\u010dn\u00edci rovnak\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky testu.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">To, \u010do ten experiment uk\u00e1zal nie je to, \u017ee \u0161achov\u00ed majstri maj\u00fa tak\u00fa dobr\u00fa pam\u00e4\u0165. Oni maj\u00fa tak dobre vybudovan\u00fa dom\u00e9nov\u00fa znalos\u0165 a\u00a0hlavne rozvinut\u00e9 pam\u00e4\u0165ov\u00e9 \u0161trukt\u00fary, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa prisp\u00f4soben\u00e9 danej dom\u00e9ne. To je nie\u010do, \u010do sa tie\u017e z\u00edskava pomocou DP.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u00a0knihe je toho e\u0161te o\u00a0dos\u0165 viac, ale z\u00e1kladn\u00e1 my\u0161lienka je jednoduch\u00e1: chcete by\u0165 dobr\u00ed v\u00a0tom, \u010do rob\u00edte? Tak si vyberte nejak\u00fa oblas\u0165, v\u00a0ktorej ste slab\u00ed a\u00a0za\u017eerte sa do nej. Ke\u010f skon\u010d\u00edte, tak si vyberte \u010fal\u0161iu a\u00a0pustite sa znova do pr\u00e1ce. Zjedzte toho slona po k\u00faskoch. A\u017e nakoniec o\u00a0v\u00e1s za\u010dn\u00fa hovori\u0165, \u017ee m\u00e1te talent&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Never\u00edm v\u00a0talent. Naozaj. Mysl\u00edm si, \u017ee ni\u010d tak\u00e9 neexistuje. Never\u00edm, \u017ee existuje nie\u010do ako \u201ebunky\u201c na matematiku alebo cudzie jazyky. Ja som napr\u00edklad na z\u00e1kladnej a\u00a0strednej \u0161kole v\u00a0matematike nijako nevynikal a\u00a0a\u017e na vysokej \u0161kole som pochopil jej podstatu a\u00a0za\u010dalo ma to neskuto\u010dne bavi\u0165 (nepri\u0161lo to len tak, ale sk\u00f4r ako z\u00e1sluha u\u010dite\u013ea, ale to u\u017e [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-104","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-psychologia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=104"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":305,"href":"https:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104\/revisions\/305"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=104"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=104"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=104"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}