{"id":102,"date":"2018-02-05T19:14:50","date_gmt":"2018-02-05T18:14:50","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2018-09-17T21:50:56","modified_gmt":"2018-09-17T19:50:56","slug":"teoria-potrieb-softveroveho-timu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/teoria-potrieb-softveroveho-timu\/","title":{"rendered":"Te\u00f3ria potrieb softv\u00e9rov\u00e9ho t\u00edmu"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Obr\u00e1zok\"Pred \u010dasom sa moje cesty skr\u00ed\u017eili s\u00a0t\u00edmom, ktor\u00fd mal vraj fungova\u0165 Scrumom. Bol na to minim\u00e1lne \u0161kolen\u00fd extern\u00fdm konzultantom, a\u00a0tie\u017e mu vraj na to boli vytvoren\u00e9 podmienky. V\u0161etko vyzeralo ru\u017eovo a\u017e na to, \u017ee \u017eiaden Scrum sa nekonal. A\u00a0na ot\u00e1zku \u201eAko Scrum?\u201c mali \u013eudia v\u00a0o\u010diach nap\u00edsan\u00e9 \u201eSo Scrumom mi daj pokoj\u201c. Nie \u017ee by ten Scrum bol tak\u00fd zl\u00fd a\u00a0oni ho nechceli. To sk\u00f4r len mali hor\u0161ie probl\u00e9my.<\/p>\n

Ak ste sa niekedy aspo\u0148 obtreli o\u00a0psychol\u00f3giu, je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee ste narazili na Maslowovu pyram\u00eddu<\/a> (alebo hierarchiu) potrieb. To je v\u00a0podstate ve\u013emi jednoduch\u00e1 mapa, ktor\u00e1 ukazuje, ako vedie cesta od jednoduch\u00fdch potrieb k\u00a0t\u00fdm zlo\u017eitej\u0161\u00edm. Vysvet\u013euje napr\u00edklad, pre\u010do \u010dlovek, ktor\u00fd nem\u00e1 \u010do jes\u0165,bude len ve\u013emi \u0165a\u017eko rie\u0161i\u0165 potrebu sebarealiz\u00e1cie. Len v\u00a0pr\u00edpade, \u017ee sa mu podar\u00ed zabezpe\u010di\u0165 ni\u017e\u0161iu \u00farove\u0148, bude sa zaobera\u0165 vy\u0161\u0161ou.<\/p>\n

No, nie\u010do podobn\u00e9 funguje aj pre t\u00edmy. T\u00edm je vlastne mal\u00e9 spolo\u010denstvo, ktor\u00e9 je tvoren\u00e9 \u013eu\u010fmi, ktor\u00ed maj\u00fa vzh\u013eadom na fungovanie v\u00a0t\u00edme ur\u010dit\u00e9 potreby. A\u00a0aj tie maj\u00fa svoju hierarchiu a\u00a0t\u00e1 by mohla vyzera\u0165 nasleduj\u00faco:<\/p>\n

\"Obr\u00e1zok\"<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1kladn\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 znamen\u00e1 zabezpe\u010denie technick\u00e9ho aj \u013eudsk\u00e9ho fungovania. To v\u00a0praxi predstavuje, \u017ee \u013eudia v\u00a0t\u00edme s\u00fa schopn\u00ed vykon\u00e1va\u0165 svoju pr\u00e1cu. \u010co im v\u00a0tom m\u00f4\u017ee br\u00e1ni\u0165? No r\u00f4zne technick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my. Ak sa bav\u00edme o\u00a0v\u00fdvoji softv\u00e9ru, tak napr\u00edklad nestabiln\u00e9 alebo neefekt\u00edvne v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 prostredie, kde sa ka\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148 rie\u0161ia r\u00f4zne n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my alebo aj jednoduch\u00e9 veci trvaj\u00fa dlho. Alebo m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 probl\u00e9m \u201e\u0161pagetov\u00fd k\u00f3d\u201c, ktor\u00fd ma v\u00a0sebe r\u00f4zne ne\u010dakan\u00e9 v\u00e4zby, a\u00a0tak sa v\u00fdvoj\u00e1ri boja nie\u010do zmeni\u0165, preto\u017ee nevedia, \u010di to neovplyvn\u00ed in\u00fa \u010das\u0165 aplik\u00e1cie. Alebo s\u00fa to zle vybran\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie, na ktor\u00fdch sa m\u00e1 produkt realizova\u0165, a\u00a0tak ani sebelep\u0161ia snaha poda\u0165 v\u00fdkon, nie je mo\u017en\u00e1. Toto v\u0161etko s\u00fa v\u00a0podstate formy technologick\u00e9ho dlhu, preto by sa dalo poveda, \u017ee na projekte, ktor\u00fd ho obsahuje vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161om mno\u017estve, nie je mo\u017en\u00e9, aby t\u00edmy za\u010dali seri\u00f3zne rie\u0161i\u0165 vy\u0161\u0161ie \u00farovne. Ak dennodenne \u010dlovek rie\u0161i technick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, tak nem\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 produkt\u00edvny.<\/p>\n

Druh\u00e1 komplik\u00e1cia na prvej \u00farovni m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 jednoducho \u013eudsk\u00e1 a\u00a0je hlavne o\u00a0vz\u0165ahoch, komunik\u00e1cii a\u00a0d\u00f4vere. Ak ste s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 t\u00edmu, tak sa spolupr\u00e1ci nevyhnete. Ve\u013emi \u010dasto je potom celkov\u00fd v\u00fdsledok z\u00e1visl\u00fd od pr\u00e1ce cel\u00e9ho t\u00edmu. A\u00a0teda va\u0161i kolegovia s\u00fa pre v\u00e1s potrebn\u00ed. A\u00a0teda s\u00a0nimi potrebujete spolupracova\u0165. Ak t\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ca viazne napr\u00edklad kv\u00f4li r\u00f4znym konfliktom, tak nie ste schopn\u00fd vytvori\u0165 nie\u010do zmyslupln\u00e9. Ak v\u00a0projekte nie s\u00fa nastaven\u00e9 dobr\u00e9 komunika\u010dn\u00e9 kan\u00e1ly, tak doch\u00e1dza k\u00a0probl\u00e9mom. Ak mus\u00edte dennodenne rie\u0161i\u0165 probl\u00e9my vo vz\u0165ahoch, tak nie ste produkt\u00edvny. Cie\u013eom prvej \u00farovne je, aby \u010dlenovia v\u00a0t\u00edme vedeli vykon\u00e1va\u0165 svoju pr\u00e1cu.<\/p>\n

Len ak t\u00edm dok\u00e1\u017ee by\u0165 produkt\u00edvny, tak za\u010dnete rozm\u00fd\u0161\u013ea\u0165 ako lep\u0161ie organizova\u0165 svoju pr\u00e1cu. Prv\u00fa \u00farove\u0148 m\u00e1 za sebou a\u00a0je na druhej. Cie\u013eom tejto \u00farovne je zefekt\u00edvni\u0165 pr\u00e1cu. U\u017e nesta\u010d\u00ed, aby jeho jednotliv\u00e9 jednotky boli produkt\u00edvne. Tu u\u017e je cie\u013eom nastavi\u0165 stroj tak, aby pracoval \u010do najlep\u0161ie. To, \u010do sa v\u00a0r\u00e1mci tej \u00farovni rie\u0161i je, aby \u013eudia pracovali naozaj na tom, \u010do m\u00e1 pre projekt zmysel. Aby postupnos\u0165 pr\u00e1c bola nastaven\u00e1 tak, aby v\u00a0projekte neboli zbyto\u010dn\u00e9 prestoje. H\u013eadaj\u00fa sa tie\u017e sp\u00f4soby ako si pr\u00e1cu spr\u00edjemni\u0165 alebo ozvl\u00e1\u0161tni\u0165. Je to proste druh\u00fd level.<\/p>\n

Vyrie\u0161enie prvej \u00farovne je moment, v ktorom sa t\u00edmy za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa obzera\u0165 po veciach ako je Scrum. Po nejako organiza\u010dnom frameworku, ktor\u00fd by nastavil syst\u00e9m pr\u00e1c, komunik\u00e1cie so z\u00e1kazn\u00edkom a\u00a0mo\u017eno aj sp\u00e4tnej v\u00e4zby smerom do t\u00edmu. Zatia\u013e \u010do hlavn\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka prvej \u00farovne je \u201eAko z\u00a0t\u00fdchto probl\u00e9mov von?\u201c, ot\u00e1zka tejto druhej \u00farovne je \u201eAko vieme syst\u00e9m vylep\u0161i\u0165?\u201c. Cie\u013eom tejto druhej \u00farovne je perfektne funguj\u00faci syst\u00e9m, ktor\u00fd je efekt\u00edvny, preto\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd vie, na \u010dom m\u00e1 pracova\u0165 a\u00a0z\u00e1rove\u0148 je pre \u013eud\u00ed pr\u00e1ca z\u00e1bavou. Cie\u013eom druhej \u00farovne je z\u00a0t\u00edmu vyrobi\u0165 perfektne funguj\u00faci stroj.<\/p>\n

Posledn\u00e1, tretia \u00farove\u0148 by sa dala nazva\u0165 \u201ezmysel mojej pr\u00e1ce\u201c. Ak s\u00fa prv\u00e9 dve \u00farovne perfektne odladen\u00e9, \u013eudia sa za\u010dn\u00fa pozera\u0165 \u010falej, a\u00a0to v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou u\u017e vedie k\u00a0\u00favah\u00e1m nad zmyslom pr\u00e1ce. Kto je pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom softv\u00e9ru? \u010co mu naozaj prin\u00e1\u0161a osoh? \u010co mu t\u00edm vie e\u0161te viac pon\u00faknu\u0165?<\/p>\n

Je to u\u017e sk\u00f4r vizion\u00e1rsko-filozofick\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148, na ktor\u00fa sa dostane len m\u00e1lo t\u00edmov, ke\u010f\u017ee \u00faspe\u0161ne prekona\u0165 prv\u00e9 dve \u00farovne je \u010dasto \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9. Je to tie\u017e \u00farove\u0148, ktor\u00e1 sa prakticky ned\u00e1 splni\u0165. Snaha pochopi\u0165 zmysel pr\u00e1ce a\u00a0jej miesto vo svete nem\u00e1 \u00faplne jasn\u00fd koniec.<\/p>\n

Kde teda bol probl\u00e9m t\u00edmu, ktor\u00fd som spom\u00ednal \u00faplne na za\u010diatku? Probl\u00e9m je, \u017ee sa nem\u00f4\u017eete pok\u00fasi\u0165 riadi\u0165 pr\u00e1cu, ak \u013eudia nie s\u00fa schopn\u00ed pracova\u0165. Inak povedan\u00e9, nem\u00e1 zmysel sa pok\u00fa\u0161a\u0165 mana\u017eova\u0165 v\u00fdkon, ktor\u00fd neexistuje. Ak \u013eu\u010fom viazne pr\u00e1ca, preto\u017ee im \u0161trajkuj\u00fa n\u00e1stroje alebo medzi\u013eudsk\u00e9 vz\u0165ahy, nem\u00e1 zmysel sa ich pok\u00fasi\u0165 efekt\u00edvnej\u0161ie mana\u017eova\u0165. V\u00a0prvom rade mus\u00edte \u00eds\u0165 viac low-level a\u00a0odstr\u00e1ni\u0165 tieto probl\u00e9my. A\u017e potom si \u013eudia sami za\u010dn\u00fa h\u013eada\u0165 nejak\u00fd lep\u0161\u00ed syst\u00e9m pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n

Niekto by mohol namieta\u0165, \u017ee dobr\u00e1 met\u00f3da riadenia pom\u00e1ha odstra\u0148ova\u0165 probl\u00e9my. Napr. na retrospekt\u00edve je mo\u017en\u00e9 tieto probl\u00e9my vynies\u0165 na svetlo, a\u00a0tak maj\u00fa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu \u0161ancu, aby sa rie\u0161ili. To je pravda. Ale fakt je, \u017ee oni tie probl\u00e9my neodstra\u0148uj\u00fa. Len ich pom\u00e1haj\u00fa rie\u0161i\u0165. St\u00e1le je potrebn\u00e9 n\u00e1js\u0165 rie\u0161enie technick\u00e9ho probl\u00e9mu alebo medzi\u013eudsk\u00fdch vz\u0165ahov a\u00a0urobi\u0165 to. Dobr\u00fd syst\u00e9m riadenia vie tak\u00e9to probl\u00e9my odhali\u0165, ale realiz\u00e1cia je st\u00e1le na \u013eu\u010foch v\u00a0t\u00edme alebo t\u00fdch, \u010do ho ved\u00fa.<\/p>\n

Za\u017eil som retrospekt\u00edv,y kde sa zozbierali n\u00e1pady a\u00a0potom putovali rovno do z\u00e1suvky stola a\u00a0nikto si u\u017e na nich nespomenul. Po nieko\u013ek\u00fdch sprintoch \u013eudia prestali d\u00e1va\u0165 n\u00e1pady. M\u00f4\u017eete si tipn\u00fa\u0165 pre\u010do. \u010co chcem t\u00fdm poveda\u0165 je, \u017ee prv\u00fa \u00farove\u0148 treba vyrie\u0161i\u0165 postupmi, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa na to ur\u010den\u00e9, a\u017e potom sa d\u00e1 bavi\u0165 o\u00a0lep\u0161om mana\u017emente pr\u00e1ce. Inak dopadnete ako spom\u00ednan\u00fd t\u00edm zo za\u010diatku, ktor\u00fd \u201em\u00e1 in\u00e9 probl\u00e9my ako Scrum\u201c.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pred \u010dasom sa moje cesty skr\u00ed\u017eili s\u00a0t\u00edmom, ktor\u00fd mal vraj fungova\u0165 Scrumom. Bol na to minim\u00e1lne \u0161kolen\u00fd extern\u00fdm konzultantom, a\u00a0tie\u017e mu vraj na to boli vytvoren\u00e9 podmienky. V\u0161etko vyzeralo ru\u017eovo a\u017e na to, \u017ee \u017eiaden Scrum sa nekonal. A\u00a0na ot\u00e1zku \u201eAko Scrum?\u201c mali \u013eudia v\u00a0o\u010diach nap\u00edsan\u00e9 \u201eSo Scrumom mi daj pokoj\u201c. Nie \u017ee by ten […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-102","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vyvoj-softveru"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/102","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=102"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/102\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":125,"href":"https:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/102\/revisions\/125"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=102"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=102"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=102"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}