{"id":21,"date":"2012-05-17T18:47:42","date_gmt":"2012-05-17T16:47:42","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2018-09-17T21:57:43","modified_gmt":"2018-09-17T19:57:43","slug":"koniec-silverlightu-alebo-v-com-je-vlastne-problem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/koniec-silverlightu-alebo-v-com-je-vlastne-problem\/","title":{"rendered":"Koniec Silverlightu alebo v \u010dom je vlastne probl\u00e9m?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"imgp_img\" style=\"float: left; margin: 2px 5px;\" src=\"\/sites\/default\/files\/imagepicker\/1\/45646.jpg\" alt=\"Obr\u00e1zok\" width=\"200\" height=\"223\" \/>D\u00e1 sa poveda\u0165, \u017ee Silverlight (SL) je jedn\u00fdm z v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch Microsoft (MS) projektov. Minim\u00e1lne v oblasti v\u00fdvoja pre internet nebolo mo\u017en\u00e9, aby ste sa na neho po nejakom \u010dase nenarazili. V \u010dase, ke\u010f ho MS rozbiehal, tvrdil, \u017ee je to rie\u0161enie pre Rich Internet Application (RIA) a z\u00e1rove\u0148 multiplaforma. Napriem tomu, \u017ee to spo\u010diatku vyzeralo, \u017ee sa ho podar\u00ed pretla\u010di\u0165 medzi \u0161irok\u00fa verejnos\u0165, nie je ani tak d\u00e1vno, \u010do MS vydalo spr\u00e1vu, v ktorej tak trochu c\u00favol. Pre\u010do Silverlight neprevalcoval konkurenciu?<!--more--><\/p>\n<p><!--break-->Silverlight za\u010d\u00ednal ako projekt s n\u00e1zvom <span style=\"background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% transparent;\">WPF\/Everywhere<\/span>. Cie\u013eom bolo dosta\u0165 na web XAML, \u010do je MS zna\u010dkovac\u00ed jazyk spolu s JavaScriptom. To bola prv\u00e1 verzia. V druhej pridal MS do Silverlightu jadro z .Net-u a umo\u017enil tak na strane klienta v prehliada\u010di pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 .Net-ovsk\u00e9 programovacie jazyky (hlavne C# a VB.Net). Odvtedy u\u017e Silverlight i\u0161iel cestou vylep\u0161ovania a dop\u013a\u0148ania tohto frameworku. V podstate je to tak\u00e1 podmno\u017eina .Net s funkcionalitou orientovanou na prezentovanie \u00fadajov v prehliada\u010di. Ani posledn\u00e1 verzia nem\u00e1 napr\u00edklad \u017eiadne triedy na pr\u00e1cu s datab\u00e1zou. MS tla\u010d\u00ed na to, aby boli v Silverlighte p\u00edsan\u00ed len tenk\u00ed klienti, ktor\u00ed si \u00fadaje \u0165ahaj\u00fa z nejak\u00e9ho back-endu (napr\u00edklad z <a href=\"\/en\/content\/techdays-kosice-2012-windows-azure-kemp\/\">Windows Azure<\/a>). Okrem webu sa SL (spolu s frameworkom XNA) stal hlavnou platformou pre Windows Phone, \u010do je nov\u00fd n\u00e1stupca Windows Mobile.<\/p>\n<p>Spo\u010diatku to vyzeralo, \u017ee pou\u017e\u00edvanie SL sa naozaj rozbehne. MS zainvestoval do propag\u00e1cie a nieko\u013eko ve\u013ek\u00fdch str\u00e1nok (<span style=\"background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% transparent;\">napr\u00edklad www.nba.com). Okrem toho sa sna\u017eil dosta\u0165 SL na r\u00f4zne platformy. Poskytol materi\u00e1ly Novelu, ktor\u00fd sa spolu podie\u013ea na v\u00fdvoji Mono frameworku (.Net pre Linux) a tak vznikol MoonLight (SL pre Linux). Taktie\u017e sa sna\u017eil o kontinu\u00e1lny v\u00fdvoj pre platformu Mac OS. V \u010dase, ke\u010f pri\u0161iel Silverlight (pribli\u017ene rok 2007), to boli jedin\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, ktor\u00e9 sa ako tak dali pova\u017eova\u0165 za roz\u0161\u00edren\u00e9. Aj trh internetov\u00fdch prehliada\u010dov sa delil na 2-3 prehliada\u010de a \u010do sa t\u00fdka zariaden\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 sa vedeli prip\u00e1ja\u0165 k internetu, kra\u013eoval Windows (najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm podielom na trhu). Najbli\u017e\u0161ie roky ale priniesli zmenu. Objavil sa Android, prehliada\u010d Chrome a pri\u0161iel iOS. A aby toho e\u0161te nebolo m\u00e1lo, za\u010dala sa finaliz\u00e1cia HTML 5. Ale po\u010fme pekne po poriadku.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% transparent;\">SL funguje v prehliada\u010doch na b\u00e1ze pluginov, t.z. \u017ee prehliada\u010d ako tak\u00fd SL aplik\u00e1ciu nevie spusti\u0165. Potrebuje na to roz\u0161\u00edrenie, ktor\u00e9 vie, \u010do s \u0148ou robi\u0165. Tak\u017ee to, na \u010dom MS pri v\u00fdvoji SL pracoval, boli hlavne tieto pluginy. Probl\u00e9m je, \u017ee potrebujete osobitn\u00fd plugin pre ka\u017ed\u00fd prehliada\u010d. Toto sa n\u00e1sob\u00ed po\u010dtom OS, na ktor\u00fdch tak\u00fdto prehliada\u010d m\u00f4\u017ee be\u017ea\u0165. A aby toho e\u0161te nebolo m\u00e1lo, tak mus\u00edte bra\u0165 do \u00favahy verziu prehliada\u010da. To, \u010do dostanete, je trojdimenzion\u00e1lna matica, kde jeden rozmer je typ prehliada\u010da, \u010fal\u0161\u00ed typ OS a posledn\u00fd verzia prehliada\u010da. V matici m\u00e1te potom zap\u00edsan\u00e9, \u010di SL plugin pre t\u00fato kombin\u00e1ciu existuje alebo nie. Na <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Silverlight\">wikipedii<\/a> je t\u00e1to matica zobrazen\u00e1 (typ a verzia prehliada\u010da s\u00fa vlo\u017een\u00e9 do jedn\u00e9ho rozmeru, aby sa to dalo zobrazi\u0165 v 2D). MS si pravdepodobne povedal, \u017ee pri majoritnom Windowse a dvoch-troch prehliada\u010dov by to mohol v\u00fdvoj nejako utiahnu\u0165 s t\u00fdm, \u017ee napr. s Linux-om by mu vedela pom\u00f4c\u0165 komunita. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% transparent;\">To, \u010do v\u0161ak nasledovalo, bolo, \u017ee sa otvoril trh so SmartPhonmi a zrazu pribudli nov\u00e9 platformy. K tomu sa objavil Chrome a za\u010dal ukrajova\u0165 z trhov\u00e9ho podielu ostatn\u00fdch prehliada\u010dov. To v\u0161etko za\u010dalo t\u00fa maticu nepr\u00edjemne zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ova\u0165 a tak n\u00e1sobi\u0165 mno\u017estvo pr\u00e1ce na udr\u017eanie SL pri \u017eivote.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% transparent;\">Nakoniec v roku 2011 sa pomaly za\u010dala rozbieha\u0165 \u0161tandardiz\u00e1cia HTML 5. HTML je \u0161tandard a v r\u00f4znych verzi\u00e1ch je pomerne roz\u0161\u00edren\u00fd. To v\u0161etko n\u00fati ka\u017ed\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobcu prehliada\u010da (resp. jeho renderovacieho jadra), aby si podporu pre HTML zapracoval. A tak m\u00e1 HTML otvoren\u00fa cestu k pou\u017e\u00edvaniu. Nie \u017ee by to bol proces, ktor\u00fd sa vyrie\u0161i za nieko\u013eko mesiacov. Pravdepodobne pln\u00e9 zabehnutie HTML 5 nejak\u00fd \u010das potrv\u00e1 (niekto mus\u00ed aj za\u0161koli\u0165 v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov, aby ho vedeli pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165), ale sk\u00f4r alebo nesk\u00f4r pr\u00edde. A hlavne m\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165\/komunita, ktor\u00e1 pracuje okolo webu, vlastn\u00fa motiv\u00e1ciu HTML 5 pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 namiesto toho, ako je to pri SL, kde hlavn\u00fdm motorom pre v\u0161etko je Microsoft.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% transparent;\">Ak by to nebolo jasn\u00e9 z toho, \u017ee zatia\u013e posledn\u00e1 verzia SL sa zverej\u0148ovala s ur\u010dit\u00fdmi probl\u00e9mami (nebolo jasn\u00e9, kedy bude fin\u00e1lna verzia vlastne zverejnen\u00e1) tak to, \u017ee sa zatia\u013e \u017eiadna verzia 6 nepl\u00e1nuje je dostato\u010dn\u00fd d\u00f4kaz, \u017ee MS pre SL zatiahol ru\u010dn\u00fa brzdu. Ak by toho e\u0161te nebolo m\u00e1lo, tak s\u00e1m Steve Balmer povedal, \u017ee MS pos\u00fava SL z poz\u00edcie RIA a multiplatforma do poz\u00edcie len RIA (ke\u010f\u017ee logicky sa multiplatformovos\u0165 len \u0165a\u017eko d\u00e1 udr\u017ea\u0165) a v s\u00favislosti s nov\u00fdm Windows 8 sa hovor\u00ed viac o HTML 5 + JavaScript. MS st\u00e1le tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee garantuje 10 rokov podpory pre svoje produkty, ale neviem, \u010di to s\u00fa tie spr\u00e1vne slov\u00e1 pre platformu, ktor\u00e1 sa e\u0161te ani poriadne nerozbehla. Jedinou nedobytou ba\u0161tou pre SL je Windows Phone, kde zatia\u013e neexituj\u00fa spr\u00e1vy o tom, \u017ee by sa malo za\u010da\u0165 pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 nie\u010do in\u00e9.. Ale roz\u0161\u00edrenie Windows Phone nie je nejak\u00e9 svetoborn\u00e9 a ani posledn\u00e9 spojenectvo s Nokiou zatia\u013e nenesie svoje ovocie (MS v dne\u0161nej dobe viac zar\u00e1ba na patentoch v Androide &#8211; teda na samotnom Androide &#8211; ako na svojom vlastnom smartphone).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% transparent;\">Bud\u00facnos\u0165 Silverlightu je ot\u00e1zna, preto\u017ee r\u00f4znorodos\u0165 platforiem, ktor\u00e1 tu u\u017e je, sa tak \u013eahko nestrat\u00ed a z\u00e1pasi\u0165 s \u0148ou vy\u017eaduje naozaj ve\u013ea s\u00edl. A okrem toho je tu HTML 5, ktor\u00e9 m\u00e1 pomerne ve\u013ek\u00e9 mo\u017enosti a do IT komunity sa pomaly vpije \u00faplne samo, bez nutnosti ho nejako \u0161peci\u00e1lne tla\u010di\u0165.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>D\u00e1 sa poveda\u0165, \u017ee Silverlight (SL) je jedn\u00fdm z v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch Microsoft (MS) projektov. Minim\u00e1lne v oblasti v\u00fdvoja pre internet nebolo mo\u017en\u00e9, aby ste sa na neho po nejakom \u010dase nenarazili. V \u010dase, ke\u010f ho MS rozbiehal, tvrdil, \u017ee je to rie\u0161enie pre Rich Internet Application (RIA) a z\u00e1rove\u0148 multiplaforma. Napriem tomu, \u017ee to spo\u010diatku vyzeralo, [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vyvoj-softveru"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":233,"href":"http:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21\/revisions\/233"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/spireng.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}